At a glance
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A Multicenter Phase II Trial of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Patients With Fanconi Anemia Lacking a Genotypically Identical Donor, Using a Chemotherapy Only Cytoreduction With Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide and Fludarabine
In Brief
A Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating Busulfan, fludarabine, & cyclophosphamide with immunosuppression with ATG and cyclosporine. and CliniMACS device for Aplastic Anemia and 2 related conditions. Completed, enrolled 45 participants across 6 sites.
Detailed Summary
This is a genetic disease (transmitted through the parents' genes) called Fanconi Anemia. Because of that genetic disease, the bone marrow has changed and now has failed, or has given rise to a preleukemia called myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or leukemia (acute myelogenous leukemia or AML). Without treatment these complications of Fanconia anemia (FA) are fatal. The only treatment that can cure these complications is an allogeneic transplant of stem cells, meaning, giving the patient bone marrow cells from a healthy donor that can produce normal blood cells that will replace the bone marrow that is sick. What has been given for the treatment of FA in the past is to use a combination of low doses of radiation to the whole body (total body irradiation) and low doses of the chemotherapy drugs (cyclophosphamide and fludarabine) before the transplant. However, the use of radiation can, later on, increase the chances of getting a second cancer of the skin, head or the neck. These chances of a second cancer are higher than normal in patients with FA. The purpose of this study is to find out if the doctors can do the same thing with the same chemotherapy drugs used in the past. However physicians will use another chemotherapy drug called busulfan instead of the radiation. The goal of this study is to get rid of the short term and long term risks of the radiation. The first new part of this treatment will be to replace drugs for radiation with chemotherapy drugs.
Study Details
Timeline
Interventions
There are three parts in this transplant study. 1) There will be a pre-transplant - preparation - period to see if patient qualifies for the transplant study. This will be done as an outpatient and lasts 2-4 weeks. Once this is completed, there will be 2) the transplant period itself, during which the patient will be admitted and will be an inpatient. This period usually last for 4-6 weeks. Following that, there will be a 3) post transplant period, during which the patient will be watched carefully and monitored in clinic as an out patient. The post transplant period lasts from three months to one year.
CD34+ T-cell depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplant