The Role of Multimedia in Cognitive Surgical Skill Acquisition in Open and Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery

Detailed Summary

To practice independently surgeons require competency in surgical skills, encompassing a combination of technical and non-technical skills. Cognitive skills, aspects of non-technical skills, represent an integral component of surgical competency. Cognitive skills comprise factual knowledge and decision-making. Changing work patterns in the United Kingdom, as specified by the European Working Time Directive (EWTD), have had a profound impact on the delivery of surgical skills training. Surgical trainees are now increasingly removed from normal working hours in which the majority of traditional operative training and experience is gained, leading to a net reduction in trainees' operative exposure. This reduction in operative experience means that surgical competence can no longer be assured on the basis of experience alone. Although there is no educational technology that can replace the craft apprenticeship required to train a competent surgeon, reduction in training hours has led to rapid development of educational tools to augment surgical skills training outside the operating room environment. These tools tend to concentrate on technical skills performance without emphasis on cognitive skills. Trainees in today's era have grown up in a multimedia environment; multimedia is media that uses a combination of text, voiceover, animation and video. Multimedia is an underdeveloped educational resource that can supplement cognitive skills training in operative surgery. The purpose of this study was to design and develop an online multimedia educational tool in a common colorectal surgery procedure ("Anterior Resection") and determine the effectiveness of this tool in teaching and assessment of cognitive skills. Study hypothesis: Multimedia learning is equivalent to conventional teaching "Study Day" in improving scores in cognitive surgical skills.

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