At a glance
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Lung Water By Ultra-Sound Guided Treatment To Prevent Death and Cardiovascular Complications in High Risk End Stage Renal Disease Patients With Cardiomyopathy (Lust Study)
In Brief
A clinical study evaluating Extra-vascular lung water measurements by ultrasound (LW-US) and Standard protocol of fluid management in hemodialysis for Kidney Failure, Chronic. Completed, enrolled 383 participants across 19 sites in 9 countries.
Detailed Summary
Volume overload is a leading risk factor for death and cardiovascular events in end stage renal disease patients maintained on chronic dialysis, particularly in those with myocardial ischemia and heart failure which represent a substantial fraction of this population. Early identification of volume overload may prevent cardiovascular sequel in these patients but clinical signs of volume expansion are unsatisfactory to reliably identify patients at risk and to monitor them over time. On the other hand, however reliable, standard techniques for measuring extracellular or circulating (blood) volume do not convey information on fundamental heart function parameters that determine the individual haemodynamic tolerance to volume excess and the response to ultrafiltration, i.e. left ventricular (LV) filling pressure and LV function. Extra-vascular lung water is critically dependent on these parameters and represents a proxy of both, circulating volume and LV filling pressure and function, and may therefore be a better criterion to identify patients at a higher risk of volume-dependent adverse clinical outcomes and to monitor the effect of therapy aimed at preventing these outcomes. A fast (\< 5 min.), easy to learn, simple and non-expensive technique which measures extra-vascular lung water by using standard ultrasound (US) machines has been validated in dialysis patients. Whether systematic measurement of lung water by this technique may translate into better clinical outcomes in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients has never been tested. The aim of this randomized clinical trial is that of testing a treatment policy guided by extra-vascular lung water measurements by ultrasound to prevent all-cause death, decompensated heart failure and non-fatal myocardial infarction in high risk dialysis patients with myocardial ischemia (a history of myocardial infarction with or without ST elevation or unstable angina, acute coronary syndrome documented by ECG recordings and cardiac troponins or stable angina pectoris with documented coronary artery disease by prior coronary angiography or ECG) or overt heart failure (NYHA class III-IV).
Study Details
Timeline
Interventions
It is widely agreed that the high prevalence of patients with LV dysfunction and heart failure and the lack of simple, non-expensive, bedside techniques that may serve to estimate and monitor parameters of central hemodynamics for guiding the prescription of ultrafiltration (UF) and drug treatment is a factor of major clinical relevance. So,in patients allocated to the active arm, nephrologists register pre- and post-dialysis US-B lines whenever considered useful for volume monitoring.
The intervention consists in applying a standard clinical approach for monitoring/tailoring fluid excess in HD patients.