Brain Imaging to Understand HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorder and Predict Response to Cognitive Training

Detailed Summary

Cognitive deficits in HIV reflect degraded brain network functioning that may be amenable to remediation through cognitive training. In this sub-study, we will make use of Plasticity-based Adaptive Cognitive Remediation (PACR), which applies well-understood techniques derived from brain plasticity and implicit/procedural/perceptual learning to improve the speed and accuracy of information processing, with exercises that are designed to drive generalized improvements. Simultaneously, these exercises heavily engage neuromodulatory systems to re-establish their normal control over learning and memory. As an individual restores these degraded abilities through intensive procedural learning, the encoding of naturalistic information significantly improves, and all resulting declarative memory and cognitive functions based on the quality of that incoming information necessarily improve as well, leading to improvement that generalizes beyond the trained tasks. A subset of 80 HIV+ individuals will undergo eight weeks of PACR to determine its feasibility and appropriateness for people with mild cognitive difficulties related to HIV infection. The results of this study are expected to be pivotal in generating data to create an optimal training program aimed at stabilizing or improving brain function in HIV infected individuals experiencing cognitive decline.

Study Details

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Interventions