A Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Interleukin-1 Receptor Inhibitor for the Treatment of Granulomatous Complications in Patients With Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Detailed Summary

"Kineret" (INN: Anakinra) neutralizes the biological activity of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by the concurrent inhibition of binding to interleukin-1 receptor I (IL-1RI). Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is the main pro-inflammatory cytokine that mediates many cellular responses. Anakinra inhibits the reactions caused by IL-1 in vitro, including the induction of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 and / or the formation of collagenase by synovial cells, fibroblasts and chondrocytes. According to published data, patients with the chronic granulomatous disease have an increased secretion of interleukin-1, which contributes to the development of granulomatous inflammation. Blocking interleukin-1 reduces the activity of the main pro-inflammatory complex - the inflammasomes, and also restores the autophagy process impaired in patients with chronic granulomatous disease. In this way, inhibition of the IL-1 receptor prevents the activation of innate immunity cells and prevents the maintenance of pathological pro-inflammatory signaling in conditions of IL-1 overproduction. The efficacy and safety of therapy with the above drug is based on the results of international studies on the using of anakinra in patients with chronic granulomatous disease.

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