At a glance
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Factors Correlated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed by Polysomnography: Cross-sectional Study
In Brief
An observational study evaluating Polysomnography for Obstructive Sleep Apnea of Child. Completed, enrolled 187 participants across 1 site.
Detailed Summary
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a severe condition of sleep respiratory disorders. It is characterized by partial (hypopnea) or total (apnea) obstruction of the upper airways, negatively affecting the general and oral health of children and adolescents. The Dentistry plays a fundamental role in OSA diagnosis and early intervention, minimizing health damage and progression of the disease into adulthood. Current scientific evidence related to OSA and associated factors, as well as the prevalence and severity of the disease in children and adolescents is still scarce and presents divergences in these age groups. A retrospective cross-sectional study will be conducted to investigate the prevalence, severity and correlation between sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical and sleep quality related factors and OSA in children and adolescents diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG), using the criteria recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). The sample will consist of individuals who answered the questionnaires, performed the PSG at the Pelotas Sleep Institute and met the study inclusion criteria.
Study Details
Timeline
Interventions
Polysomnography, referred to as type I, allows assessing several sleep physiologic parameters (eg, EEG, electrooculogram, electromyogram, electrocardiogram, airflow, respiratory effort, oxygen saturation), whereas audio-video recording enables to document tooth-grinding sounds and distinguishing between rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) and orofacial and other muscular activity during sleep. The apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) is defined as the number of obstructive apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep. Obstructive Sleep Apnea is defined in PSG when AHI≥1 and is divided into the following categories, according to severity: mild OSA (AHI 1-4.9), moderate OSA (AHI 5-9.9) and severe OSA (IAH≥10). Based on the RMMA index (number of episodes per hour of sleep), sleep bruxism is diagnosed when episodes are greater than or equal to 2 (low-frequency SB, mild bruxism) or episodes are greater than or equal to 4 (high frequency SB, severe bruxism).