CI

At a glance

ClinicalIndex Comparison Record
N/ACompleted· 460 enrolled
Drug / intervention
TOBACCO CIGARETTES +2 moreother
Likely dose
Not stated in record
Structured eligibility isn't available for this trial yet — see the full criteria in the Eligibility tab below.

Standardized by ClinicalIndex from the ClinicalTrials.gov record · verify against the source.

Search/NCT04649645
NCT04649645N/ACompleted

International Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Changes in Oral Health in Smokers After Switching to Combustion-Free Nicotine Delivery Systems: SMILE Study Protocol

Eclat Srl.·interventional·Posted Dec 2, 2020·Updated Sep 8, 2025

In Brief

A clinical study evaluating TOBACCO CIGARETTES, COMBUSTION-FREE NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS (C-F NDS), and 1 other intervention for Gingivitis and Periodontal Diseases. Completed, enrolled 460 participants across 1 site.

Detailed Summary

Although the well-known detrimental effects of conventional cigarette smoking on oral health, there are still lack of evidences about the impact of less harmful alternatives (such as electronic cigarettes or heat not burn products), especially in young smokers with clinical absence of signs of moderate to severe periodontitis. This study aims to investigate whether cigarette smokers who switch to combustion-free nicotine delivery systems (C-F NDS) undergo measurable improvements in oral health parameters and teeth appearance, comparing short- and long-term impact on periodontal health between smokers continuing with conventional cigarette smoking, those switching to combustion-free nicotine delivery systems (C-F NDS), and never-smokers. The investigator propose a prospective, multicenter, interventional, open label, randomized, controlled, three parallel-arms study assessing oral health parameters and teeth appearance of 18 months duration.

Study Details

Study Typeinterventional
Allocation--
Masking--
Primary Purpose--
CountriesItaly

Timeline

N/ACompletedFinished
202120222023202420252026
First PostedDec 2, 2020
Enrollment StartOct 18, 2021
Primary CompletionDec 19, 2024
TodayJul 2, 2026
Enrollment to primary: 3.2 yearsPosted 5.6 years ago

Interventions

TOBACCO CIGARETTESother

Participants in Arm A will continue smoking their own cigarette brand as usual.

COMBUSTION-FREE NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS (C-F NDS)other

Participants in Arm B will trial and familiarize with a selection of C-F NDS in order to choose the product of their preference. They will be trained and counselled on the chosen C-F NDS. Prior to check-out, participants wishing to use a heated tobacco device will receive one kit and a full 2 weeks supply of tobacco sticks of their choice (they will receive a number of tobacco sticks per day corresponding to the number of cigarettes smoked at baseline); those wishing to use a vaping product will receive one vaping kit and a full 2 weeks supply of e-liquids of their choice (they will receive twelve 10 ml refill containers).

NOT SMOKINGother

Participants in Arm C will continue not smoking or use any form of tobacco or nicotine-containing products.