At a glance
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Adjuvant Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy Complementing Conventional Therapy for Pediatric Patients With High-grade Glioma and Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
In Brief
A Phase 1 clinical trial evaluating Dendritic cell vaccination + temozolomide-based chemoradiation and Dendritic cell vaccination +- conventional next-line treatment for High Grade Glioma and Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma. Completed, enrolled 10 participants across 1 site.
Signals
Detailed Summary
Childhood aggressive gliomas are rare brain tumors with very poor prognosis. Due to the tumor's location and infiltrative nature, surgical removal is not always possible, and even when resection is performed and combined with chemo- and/or radiotherapy, tumor cells frequently persist, eventually giving rise to tumor recurrence. A promising strategy to eradicate persisting tumor cells is vaccination with dendritic cells (DC). DC are immune cells that play an important role in organizing the body's defense against cancer. The goal of DC vaccination is to activate these natural anti-tumor defense mechanisms to delay or prevent tumor progression or recurrence. Previous clinical studies have demonstrated that DC vaccination is well-tolerated, safe and capable of eliciting tumorspecific immunity. A clinical study including 10 pediatric patients (aged ≥ 12 months and \< 18 years at the time of signing the informed consent) with brain (stem) tumors is initiated at the Antwerp University Hospital to investigate intradermal vaccination with WT1 mRNA-loaded autologous monocyte-derived DCs, either combined with first-line chemoradiation treatment or administered as adjuvant therapy following previous therapies. The general objective of this phase I/II clinical study is (1) to demonstrate that WT1-targeted DC vaccine production and administration in pediatric patients with HGG and DIPG, either combined with first-line chemoradiation treatment or administered as adjuvant therapy following previous therapies, is feasible and safe, (2) to study vaccine-induced immune responses, (3) to document patients' quality of life and clinical outcome for comparison with current patients' outcome allowing indication of the added value.
Study Details
Timeline
Arms & Interventions
Dendritic cell vaccination plus temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy
Dendritic cell vaccination plus optional conventional anti-glioma treatment (in line with standard-of-care practice, at the investigator's discretion)
Interventions
1. Leukocyte apheresis (before chemoradiation): for dendritic cell (DC) vaccine production. 2. Chemoradiation (1st part standard treatment, initiated as soon as the patient's hematological blood values are adequate after apheresis, but no later than 6 weeks after surgery or confirmed diagnosis): 1.8 Gy once daily 5 days/week for 6 weeks with 90 mg/m² temozolomide daily from the first until the last day of radiotherapy. 3. Induction immunotherapy: intradermal vaccination with autologous Wilms' tumor-1 (WT1) mRNA-loaded DCs weekly (-1 day, +2 days) for 3 weeks, starting ≥ 1 week after radiotherapy. 4. Chemo-immunotherapy: 150-200 mg/m²/d temozolomide days 1-5 every 28 days +/- 3 days (max. 6 months, 2nd part standart treatment) starting ≥3 days after the third vaccine of the induction immunotherapy + DC vaccination on day 21±3 days of every 28-day cycle.
1. Leukocyte apheresis (upon recovery of hematological blood values following previous anti-glioma treatments and ≥ 4 weeks after the last dose of any investigational agent): for DC vaccine production. 2. Induction immunotherapy: intradermal vaccination with autologous WT1 mRNA-loaded DCs weekly (-1 day, +2 days) for 3 weeks, starting ≥ 4 weeks after apheresis. 3. Booster immunotherapy: 6 DC booster vaccinations administered at regular intervals (+- 4 weeks), starting ≥ 3 weeks after the last induction vaccine. 4. (Optional) Concomitant conventional anti-glioma treatment: The decision to continue or re-initiate conventional anti-glioma treatment, and, if applicable, its dose and scheme, are at the Investigator's discretion and will depend on the patient's previous treatment scheme and condition.