At a glance
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Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial of Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
In Brief
A Phase 2 clinical trial evaluating Acetylcysteine and Dextrose in Water for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Completed, enrolled 4 participants across 1 site.
Detailed Summary
Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability in the developed world. While t-PA and mechanical thrombectomy have been shown to decrease disability in properly selected patients, many patients are left with lifelong symptoms. There are currently limited options available for patients who are not candidates for treatment with t-PA and/or mechanical thrombectomy. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an FDA approved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that has been used safely for many years in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. In studies, the oral form has been shown to improve outcomes in acute ischemic stroke and has been shown to decrease the effects of ischemic brain injury in animal models. In a small human trial, it improved outcomes in patients suffering from mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). The intravenous formulation has a long safety record. It is not FDA approved for treating stroke but was reviewed by the FDA and was given an FDA IND for this study. The investigators propose a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of administering intravenous N-acetylcysteine to patients with acute ischemic stroke. Eligible subjects will receive a commercially available form of intravenous NAC (Acetadote®) through for the first 20 hours following their enrollment. Patients enrolled who receive t-PA for thrombolysis will have their intravenous NAC infusion delayed for 24 hours after the completion of their t-PA infusion. Patients undergoing thrombectomy will be excluded from enrollment. Subjects will be evaluated by emergency department and/or division of neurology physicians at the time of enrollment, during their hospitalization, as well as 30 days and 90 days after enrollment. At each visit, subjects will be assessed for functional status and quality of life. This study is designed to compare the efficacy of intravenous N-acetylcysteine compared to normal treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Study Details
Timeline
Interventions
The dosing of Acetylcysteine will be similar to the standard intravenous acetaminophen toxicity dosing: 200mg/kg in 1 liter of 5% Dextrose (D5W) infused over 4 hour, then 100mg/kg in 1000 milliliters D5W infused over 16 hours (Any patient receiving t-PA who enrolls in the study will have their study drug infusion delayed by 24 hours after the completion of the t-PA infusion. )
The placebo will consist of a 5% Dextrose in Water instead of NAC (dosage and timigs are the same as the NAC arm). (Any patient receiving t-PA who enrolls in the study will have their study drug infusion delayed by 24 hours after the completion of the t-PA infusion. )