CI

At a glance

ClinicalIndex Comparison Record
Phase 4Completed· 12,376 enrolled / 12,376 target
Drug / intervention
Nicotine replacement therapy sampling +5 moredrug
Likely dose
Nicotine replacement therapy sampling 7 mgfrom record
Structured eligibility isn't available for this trial yet — see the full criteria in the Eligibility tab below.

Standardized by ClinicalIndex from the ClinicalTrials.gov record · verify against the source.

Search/NCT05683821
NCT05683821Phase 4CompletedHigh Momentum (350.8/mo)Completion was 13mo ago

BREATHE 2 Cluster-randomized Trial of Health System Changes to Increase Reach of Smoking Cessation Treatments

University of Wisconsin, Madison·interventional·Posted Jan 13, 2023·Updated Jun 26, 2026

In Brief

A Phase 4 clinical trial evaluating Text message smoking treatment, Nicotine replacement therapy sampling, and 4 other interventions for Quitting Smoking and 2 related conditions. Completed, enrolled 12,376 participants across 1 site.

Signals

Enrolling ahead of pace

Detailed Summary

The purpose of this research study is to see if offering adult primary care patients who smoke combustible cigarettes more frequent outreach, more choices about how they receive that outreach, and more smoking treatment options will increase the use of smoking treatments and help more people quit smoking, when compared against a standard outreach approach. Only patients at participating adult primary care clinics will be eligible for the study. Five clinic sites will be randomized to an enhanced outreach approach, while another 5 will be randomly assigned to standard smoking treatment outreach. Eligible patients at these clinics will be in this study for up to 18 months.

Study Details

Study Typeinterventional
Allocation--
Masking--
Primary Purpose--
CountriesUnited States

Timeline

Phase 4CompletedFinished
2023202420252026
First PostedJan 13, 2023
Enrollment StartJul 24, 2023
Primary CompletionMay 7, 2025
TodayJul 2, 2026
Enrollment to primary: 1.8 yearsPosted 3.5 years ago

Arms & Interventions

Enhanced outreachexperimental

Quarterly outreach via letter and applicable patient-preferred modalities, including e-mail and/or text messaging, offering both standard person-to-person treatment options (quitline referral, primary care provider referral, cessation counseling and treatment in a randomized clinical trial) and self-guided, remote treatment options (mailed nicotine replacement therapy samples and/or facilitated enrollment in a Smokefree.gov texting program). Patients in clinics assigned to this arm will also have the option to initiate treatment by phone or online. Patients may also receive outreach calls from Tobacco Care Managers offering the person-to-person treatments at their health systems 1-30 days following a visit to a participating clinic.

Behavioral: Text message smoking treatmentDrug: Nicotine replacement therapy samplingCombination Product: Wisconsin Tobacco QuitLine ReferralCombination Product: Referral to Primary Care ProviderCombination Product: BREATHE 2 Cessation StudyBehavioral: Additional modalities to learn about and request treatment
Standard outreachactive_comparator

One mailed letter at study initiation outlining available person-to-person treatment options (quitline referral, primary care provider referral, cessation counseling and treatment in a randomized clinical trial) and how to initiate treatment by phone. Patients may also receive outreach calls from Tobacco Care Managers offering the person-to-person treatments at their health systems 1-30 days following a visit to a participating clinic.

Combination Product: Wisconsin Tobacco QuitLine ReferralCombination Product: Referral to Primary Care ProviderCombination Product: BREATHE 2 Cessation Study

Interventions

Text message smoking treatmentbehavioral

Facilitated enrollment in an NCI-sponsored text messaging program: * SmokefreeTXT (if ready to set a quit date in the next 14 days) * Practice Quit (if ready to practice quitting 1-5 days but not ready to quit permanently) * Daily Challenges (if not ready to quit, but willing to make some changes)

Nicotine replacement therapy samplingdrug

Participants may request: * Nicotine patches that release nicotine slowly over 24 hours, in either 7 mg, 14 mg, or 21 mg doses * Nicotine gum or lozenges that release medication quickly and can be used every 1-2 hours to prevent and cope with cravings to smoke, in either 2 mg or 4 mg doses

Wisconsin Tobacco QuitLine Referralcombination

Patients will be offered referral to the Wisconsin Tobacco QuitLine that offers phone counseling and nicotine replacement starter kits (2 week supplies) to people ready to quit smoking, in addition to web-based, text messaging, and mailed support, at no cost to Wisconsin residents.

Referral to Primary Care Providercombination

Patients who want to talk to their Primary Care Providers about quitting smoking will be encouraged to make an appointment with their provider to receive smoking cessation counseling and to discuss pharmacotherapy options.

BREATHE 2 Cessation Studycombination

Patients who are interested in participating in a separate randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation treatment will be invited to learn about and complete an eligibility screening and consent process for the trial. Those who enter the study receive both counseling and pharmacotherapy.

Additional modalities to learn about and request treatmentbehavioral

Participants in Enhanced Outreach arm clinics will have the option to request e-mail and/or text message communication regarding their smoking treatment options, and to initiate treatment via phone or online survey.