At a glance
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: Effect of Supplementation With Lutein, Zeaxanthin and Saffron on the Intestinal Microbiota in Patients Suffering From Age-related Macular Degeneration - The Gut-Retina-axis Study"
In Brief
A clinical study evaluating a micronutrient mix containing lutein (10 mg), zeaxanthin (2 mg), saffron (20 mg), vitamin C (80 mg), vitamin E (12 mg) and zinc (10mg) and anti-VEGF treatment for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Completed, enrolled 45 participants across 1 site.
Detailed Summary
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment in the elderly, characterized by multifactorial etiology. Recent evidence suggests a potential involvement of the gut-retina axis in AMD pathogenesis, prompting exploration into novel therapeutic strategies. The investigators assessed the effects of a micronutrient mix containing lutein, zeaxanthin, and saffron, recognized for their anti-inflammatory properties, on ophthalmological and microbial parameters in neovascular AMD (nAMD) patients. Thirty nAMD subjects were randomized to receive daily micronutrient supplementation along with anti-VEGF therapy or anti-VEGF treatment alone for 6 months. Ophthalmological assessments, anthropometric and biochemical measurements and stool samples were obtained pre- and post-treatment. Gut microbiota (GM) characterization was performed through 16S rRNA sequencing while short (SCFAs), medium (MCFAs) and long (LCFAs) chain fatty acids were analyzed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry protocol. nAMD patients exhibited reduced GM alpha diversity, altered taxonomic abundances and decreased total SCFA amount, coupled with elevated proinflammatory octanoic and nonanoic acids. Micronutrient supplementation led to improved visual acuity in comparison to the control group, along with the reduction in the total amount of MCFAs, metabolites exerting detrimental ocular effects. This study reveals compositional and functional imbalances in the GM of nAMD patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore micronutrient supplementation demonstrated a potential to restore the gut-retina axis, suggesting its therapeutic efficacy in improving ocular outcomes in nAMD patients. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between the GM and ocular health, offering insights into innovative interventions for AMD management
Study Details
Timeline
Interventions
In this three-arm randomized, controlled trial, with one arm represented by healthy subjects, eligible participants were randomly divided into two groups. Fifteen patients were randomly allocated to the intervention group and received, for 6 months, intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF (Aflibercept 2 mg, 0.05 ml) at a fixed regimen and daily supplementation with a micronutrient mix containing lutein (10 mg), zeaxanthin (2 mg), saffron (20 mg), vitamin C (80 mg), vitamin E (12 mg) and zinc (10mg). The other fifteen patients was assigned to the control group and only received the intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment at a fixed regimen for 6 months
Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF (Aflibercept 2 mg, 0.05 ml) at a fixed regimen for six months